Login is a basic part of many websites. Automation scripts need to handle it smoothly. Start by filling out the username and password fields and clicking the submit button. Then check if the login was successful.

Keep credentials outside the code—in environment variables or config files. Never hard-code passwords. Use secure handling methods.

Use proper locators for fields and buttons. Some login forms have animations or async validation. Wait for elements to appear and respond before moving forward.

If your app uses multi-step login (email, then password), or redirects, your script must follow that flow. Keep error handling clear, especially for invalid credentials or failed redirects.

The same approach works for other forms. Fill fields, select dropdowns, upload files, and hit submit. Then verify the results. Validate error messages and form resets. Forms are core to most apps—test them well.