Theory is nice, but real examples help more. Here are four common test cases:

Login: Go to the login page, fill in email and password, click login, and check the dashboard loads.

Search: Enter a keyword, hit search, and check that results appear.

Add to cart: On an e-commerce site, pick an item, add it to cart, go to cart, and verify it’s there.

Checkout: Fill out the form, choose shipping, place order, and confirm the success message.

Use real data, but also test edge cases. What if the password is wrong? What if the search returns nothing?

These test cases show how users really use your site. Automating them gives the best return on effort.